About nondiabetic glycosuria

What is nondiabetic glycosuria?

Renal glycosuria, also known as renal glucosuria, is a rare condition in which the simple sugar glucose is eliminated (excreted) in the urine despite normal or low blood glucose levels. With normal kidney (renal) function, glucose is excreted in the urine only when there are abnormally elevated levels of glucose in the blood. However, in those with renal glycosuria, glucose is abnormally eliminated in the urine due to improper functioning of the renal tubules, which are primary components of the filtering units of the kidneys (nephrons). In most affected individuals, the condition causes no apparent symptoms (asymptomatic) or serious effects. When renal glycosuria occurs as an isolated finding with otherwise normal kidney function, the condition is thought to be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.

What are the symptoms for nondiabetic glycosuria?

Excessive thirst (polydipsia) symptom was found in the nondiabetic glycosuria condition

You might not know you have glycosuria until your urine is tested. Some types like renal glycosuria and gestational glycosuria don’t cause any symptoms.‌

Over time, if it’s not treated, it can cause some symptoms, including:

  • Tiredness
  • Peeing a lot
  • Feeling very thirsty
  • Weight loss
  • Feeling sick

What are the causes for nondiabetic glycosuria?

There are three main causes for glycosuria: 

  • Conditions with problems using or making the hormone insulin
  • Conditions with the kidney where the tubules are damaged, or other kidney defects
  • Eating more sugars than the body can process at once

What are the treatments for nondiabetic glycosuria?

The treatment for glycosuria depends on the cause. Diabetes is best managed with lifestyle changes and medications. 

Treatments can include:

  • Insulin
  • Metformin
  • Diet changes
  • Exercise
  • ACE inhibitors
  • Statins 
  • Anti-glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor antagonists‌

Not everyone with glycosuria is unwell or needs treatment. If you have signs of blood sugar problems, talk to your doctor. 

What are the risk factors for nondiabetic glycosuria?

Normally, the body excretes glucose in the urine only when there is an excess glucose level in the blood.

  • In healthy people, the glucose will be completely reabsorbed into the blood after filtration.
  • However, in patients affected by Non-diabetic Glycosuia, the glucose may not be completely reabsorbed by the condition but will be excreted in the urine, despite the blood glucose level being in its healthy range.
  • Most of the people, who develop the condition are hereditary based or as part of Fanconi syndrome.


Some of the factors that increase the development of the conditions include,

  • People who take one or more specific medications
  • Individuals who have heavy metal exposure and less vitamin D exposure
  • Patients who have undergone kidney transplantations
  • People who have some genetic disorders, including Wilson’s disease, cystinosis, and lowe syndrome.
  • The primary cause of the condition is due to the mutation of SLC5A2, known as the renal sodium-glucose cotransporter gene. Due to these harmful genetic changes, the body begins to accept the lower level s a new normal glucose rate, causing the body to remove glucose through urine despite the levels not increased.
  • Genetic counseling should be recommended for the affected people and their families, to reduce the chances of developing the condition.


Symptoms
Dry mouth,Itchy skin,Blurred vision,Hunger,Fatigue,Excessive thirst (polydipsia),Frequent urination (polyuria)
Conditions
Diabetes Mellitus (Hypoglycemia),Osteomalacia,Renal Tubular Dysfunction,Fanconi syndrome
Drugs
Insulin,Metformin,ACE inhibitors,Statins,Therapy

Is there a cure/medications for nondiabetic glycosuria?

Non-diabetic Glycosuria, also known as Renal Glycosuria, is a rare inherited condition involving the excretion of glucose in the urine in detectable amounts, even though the blood sugar level is in a normal range. In this condition, the body will get rid of the glucose in the blood, even though there is no excess amount.

Renal tubules in the kidney are responsible for the cleaning process of blood. During the condition, when the blood flows through the kidney, the glucose and other substances will be removed from the liquid portion of the blood through the renal tubules.

  • Treatments are not generally needed for most people with the disorder.
  • However, there are increased chances of developing diabetes mellitus in some people who will be prescribed the appropriate mediations, including ACE inhibitors, statins, metformin, insulin, statins, and Anti-glucagon peptide 1 receptor antagonists.
  • They also need to follow periodic medical care to manage the symptoms.
  • There are three types of Renal Glycosuria, including BenignRenal Glycosuria, Glycosuria with diabetes mellitus (such as gestational diabetes), and tubular defects (like Fanconi Syndrome).
  • Patients who are diagnosed with benign renal glycosuria can reverse their condition with proper treatment in healthy lifestyle changes.


Symptoms
Dry mouth,Itchy skin,Blurred vision,Hunger,Fatigue,Excessive thirst (polydipsia),Frequent urination (polyuria)
Conditions
Diabetes Mellitus (Hypoglycemia),Osteomalacia,Renal Tubular Dysfunction,Fanconi syndrome
Drugs
Insulin,Metformin,ACE inhibitors,Statins,Therapy

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